ما هي خطوات العملية المحددة لثقب الخصر؟

1. التحضير:

① Explain the purpose of lumbar puncture and possible adverse reactions to patients and their families, reduce unnecessary concerns and obtain full cooperation from patients, and sign informed consent.

② Items: waist pack, 1 lidocaine, intrathecal drug, iodophor, cotton swab, mask, cap, sterile gloves.

2. عملية التشغيل:

① Posture: The patient is placed in the lateral flexion position, the head and neck are at the same level as the waist with a suitable pillow, the trunk is perpendicular to the bed surface, and the neck and knees are flexed as much as possible to make the lumbar kyphosis.

② The lumbar puncture point is mostly the midpoint of the line connecting the highest points of the bilateral iliac crests, that is, the L3-4 intervertebral space.

③ Routine iodophor disinfection of the puncture point and its surrounding skin within 10-15cm.

④ Wear sterile gloves, lay sterile drapes, and perform local infiltration anesthesia for puncture.

⑤ Press the puncture site with the thumb and forefinger of the left hand, hold the puncture needle with the right hand, slant the needle upward, and pierce vertically. When there is a feeling of falling for two times, slowly pull out the needle core, and see that there is cerebrospinal fluid outflow, and slowly release the cerebrospinal fluid after the pressure measurement. , and then slowly inject the intrathecal drug.

⑥ Insert the needle core, pull out the puncture needle, disinfect the local skin with iodophor, cover the local area with sterile gauze, and fix it with tape.

⑦ After surgery, ask the patient to lie down on the pillow for 4-6 hours.

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